Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
cases, the capacity to detect issues in the system, providing the developers with the
opportunity to solve them a priori (Tian 2004 ).
The
field of IS evaluation has been progressing, which is only natural due to the
fluid and dynamic nature of IT and IS evolution as a whole. The initial focus on the
adoption of IS by users has been extended to comprehend the continuance or
discontinuance of IS use (Guinea et al. 2009 ). Some authors even argue that the
stage of development following adoption is more important for the success of IS
than the adoption stage itself (Halilovic and Cicic 2013 ). As this area grew, it
became important to assess how the IS were being used after their implementation.
The rising interest in understanding what motivates users to continue or discontinue
the adoption of IS has given origin to a multiplicity of studies dedicated solely to
the exploration of this decision. Many of the models used in the explanation of
adoption have also been employed when trying to understand the reasons of users to
continue IS use (Guinea et al. 2009 ). Hence, the evaluation of IS quality necessarily
entails the system
s adoption but also the continuation or discontinuation of its use.
Aside from having differences in demographic traits, users also have different
levels of skills and are culturally diverse. Since evaluation models are focused on
the user, it then becomes important to take into account that users come from an
assortment of backgrounds and cultures, and this diversity can have a determining
effect on their use of technology.
'
HCI methods and tools are often used cross-
culturally before being tested for appropriateness and validity. As new tools
emerge, they must be cross-culturally validated to ensure that they work with all
audiences, not just those in the country in which they were developed. (Oshly-
ansky et al. 2007 ).
All these characteristics were progressively taken into account as researchers and
academics developed their models and frameworks for quality evaluation in IS. In
the following sections, we will outline and summarize the most signi
cant of these
models, thus providing a more panoramic perspective of this growing research
field.
6.2 Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)
Developed by Davis ( 1986 ) in his MIT Sloan School of Management doctoral
thesis, the technology acceptance model (TAM) was one of the
cant
attempts to establish a framework for the study of user acceptance and its corre-
lation with quality and system success. It introduced an approach of IS use mea-
surement
first signi
characteristics.
According to the author, the idea was to determine the motivational variables that
were responsible for the correlation between a system
that accounted for user motivation and the systems
'
'
s characteristics and the
'
system
ne a way to predict user accep-
tance when designing and implementing a new system (Davis 1986 ).
The TAM is fundamentally a description of relationships between the key
subjective elements of user acceptance and behavior, and objective (measurable)
elements of use and adoption. The core concept
s use by end users and, ultimately, to de
is that user motivation is
 
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