Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
40
g/dL. In 1991, CDC revised
its guidelines to take neurodevelopmental effects into account. These revised
guidelines, designed to be used by medical practitioners, public health agen-
cies, and community action groups, are summarized in
Table 2.11
.
The min-
imum level of concern is now 10
µ
g/dL; in 1975, 30
µ
g/dL; and in 1985, 25
µ
g/dL.
Table 2.11
recommends increasing
levels of concern, with increasing public health, environmental, and medical
intervention, with stepwise increases in BLL.
µ
Readings
Beard, M. and Iske, E.D., Eds.,
Lead in Paint, Soil, and Dust: Health Risks, Exposure
Studies, Control Measures, Measurement Methods, and Quality Assurance
, American
Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1995.
Benarde, M.A., Ed.,
Asbestos: The Hazardous Fiber
, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1995.
Breen, J.J. and Stroup, C.R., Eds.,
Lead Poisoning: Exposure, Abatement, Regulation,
Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, 1995.
California Environmental Protection Agency Air Resources Board,
Proposed Identifi-
cation of Lead as a Toxic Air Contaminant
, Executive Summary, 1997.
Centers for Disease Control,
Preventing Lead Poisoning in Children
, DDHS, Washington,
D.C., October, 1991.
Costellino, N., Costellino, P., and Samola, M.,
Inorganic Lead Exposure: Metabolism and
Intoxication
, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, 1994.
Health Effects Institute-Asbestos Research (HEI-AR),
Asbestos in Pubic and Commercial
Buildings: A Literature Review and Synthesis of Current Knowledge
, Health Effects
Institute, Cambridge, MA, 1991.
Health Effects Institute-Asbestos Research (HEI-AR), Proceedings of workshop on
asbestos operations and maintenance in buildings,
Appl. Indust. Hygiene
, Vol. 9,
1994.
Lamphear, B.P. and Roghmann, K.J., Pathways to lead exposure,
Environ. Res.,
74, 67,
1997.
Maroni, M., Siefert, B., and Lindvall, T., Physical pollutants,
Indoor Air Quality. A
Comprehensive Reference Book
, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1995, chap. 3.
Maroni, M., Siefert, B., and Lindvall, T., Application of risk assessment: radon,
Indoor
Air Quality. A Comprehensive Reference Book.
Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1995, chap. 16.
Millstone, E.,
Lead and Public Health: The Dangers for Children
, Taylor & Francis,
Washington, D.C., 1997.
National Research Council Committee on Health Effects Exposure to Radon,
Health
Effects of Exposure to Radon: Time for Reassessment
, National Academy of Science
Press, Washington, D.C., 1994.
National Research Council,
Health Risks of Radon and Other Internally Dispersed Alpha
Emitters. BEIR IV,
National Academy of Science Press, Washington, D.C., 1988.
National Research Council Committee on Lead in the Environment,
Lead in the Human
Environment: A Report
. National Academy of Science Press, Washington, D.C.,
1980.
Nazaroff, W.W. and Teichmann, K., Indoor radon,
Environ. Sci. Technol.,
24, 774, 1990.
Pirkle, J.L. et al., The decline in blood lead levels in the United States. The National
Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES),
JAMA,
272, 284, 1994.
Samet, J.M., Radon and lung cancer revisited, in
Indoor Air and Human Health,
2nd
ed., Gammage, R.B. and Berven, B.A., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1996, 325.
