Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 7.7
Thermal Comfort Requirements During Summertime Conditions Under
Light, Mainly Sedentary Conditions
Air temperature between 23 and 26°C.
Vertical air temperature difference between 1.1 m and 0.1 m above floor less than 3°C.
Mean air velocity less than 0.25 m/s.
Source:
From Fanger, P.O.,
Proc. 3rd Internatl. Conf. Indoor Air Qual. Clim.,
Stockholm, 1, 91, 1984.
Table 7.8
Thermal Comfort Requirements During Wintertime Conditions Under
Light, Mainly Sedentary Conditions
Air temperature between 20 and 24°C.
Vertical temperature difference between 1.1 m and 0.1 m (head and ankle level) <3°C.
Surface temperature of floor between 19 and 26°C.
Mean air velocity <0.15 m/s.
Radiant air temperature asymmetries from windows or other cold vertical surfaces:
<10°C in relation to a small vertical plane 0.6 m above floor.
Radiant temperature asymmetry from a warm or heated ceiling:
<5°C in relation to a small horizontal plane 0.6 m above the floor.
Source:
From Fanger, P.O.,
Proc. 3rd Internatl. Conf. Indoor Air Qual. Clim.,
Stockholm, 1, 91, 1984.
in its trajectory. Warm, dry air flows, on the other hand, have the potential
to cause discomfort by drying the mucous membranes of the eyes.
Building occupants commonly complain of inadequate air movement in
building spaces. This suggests that occupants perceive that air circulation is
not adequate and insufficient ventilation is being provided.
E.
Office materials and equipment
A variety of materials and equipment used in the work environment
have been implicated as potential risk factors for causing SBS-type illness
symptoms.
1.
Paper products
Paper products such as carbonless copy paper (CCP), photocopied/printed
bond, and green-bar computer printing paper have been associated with
building-/work-associated illness symptoms. Of these, CCP has been the
most extensively studied.
Carbonless copy paper, also known as NCR
(no-carbon-required) paper, is a pressure-sensitive product designed to pro-
vide multiple copies of forms or documents without the use of carbon paper.
The principle of CCP or NCR paper is to reproduce information typed in or
written on the top sheet of 2- to 5-part forms. The image is reproduced as a
consequence of chemical reactions between colorless color formers and
developing compounds. In 3-part CCP forms, the top sheet (CB) is coated
on the back side with color formers contained within microcapsules; the
a.
Carbonless copy paper.
