Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
bottom should be removed, which will reduce to pore water's DOM and nutrients and
their transport to surface waters, a phenomenon that generally occurs during the over-
turn period or because of any other physical processes. (iii) Erosion should be reduced
in the surrounding soil environments, because erosion can enhance the allochtho-
nous DOM, POM and nutrient contents of natural waters. Erosion can be reduced by
proper plantation in the surrounding soils of the watershed.
6 Challenges for Future Research
Global warming is expected to enhance primary production in Chinese lakes and
reservoirs, which could severely deteriorate water quality and considerably impact
the sustainable use of freshwater resources. Concurrently, DOM contents have
been gradually increasing in some European lakes in the last few decades, possibly
because of the effect of global warming. Global warming could lead to considera-
ble eutrophication of DOM-rich waters, by gradually increasing the occurrence of
autochthonous DOM and nutrients and severely deteriorating the water quality. On
the other hand it can affect DOM-poor waters, either inducing a gradual decrease
of the total contents of DOM and nutrients or maintaining the same range of DOM
levels but causing the nutrients to decline.
The global warming has been found to increase the average Arctic temperatures
at almost twice the global average rate in the past 100 years. Therefore, warming
is expected to significantly impact the biogeochemical processes of Arctic and
Antarctic regions. Therefore, a number of important researches can be distinguished
as: (i) Monitoring the contents of DOM and nutrients in natural waters affected by
global warming. (ii) Extensively studying the photoinduced and microbial release
of autochthonous DOM and nutrients from DOM and algae or phytoplankton in
natural waters. (iii) Investigating the photoinduced and microbial release of CO
2
,
DIC and H
2
O
2
from autochthonous DOM, algae or phytoplankton in natural waters.
(iv) Studying the photoinduced and microbial release of autochthonous DOM from
algae or phytoplankton in Arctic and Antarctic waters. (v) Development of reme-
dial measures for high primary production caused by global warming in waters with
high contents of DOM. (vi) Finally, development of remedial measures for low pri-
mary productivity caused by global warming in waters with low contents of DOM.
7 Nomenclature
CO
2
Carbon dioxide
−
DIC
Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC: dissolved CO
2
, H
2
CO
3
, HCO
3
,
and CO
3
2
−
)
DOM
Dissolved organic matter
GHGs
Green house gases
