Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
•
−
−
Table 2
Production rates of hydroxyl radical (HO
) reported from natural waters, standard nitrite (NO
2
) nitrate (NO
3
) and various standard organic
substances
Type of samples/substances
Sample
Source of light/
wavelength (nm)
Production rate
of HO
•
×
10
References
−
11
−
1
)
(Ms
Rivers
Stream, contaminated with acid mine drainage
Freshwater-polluted
Sunlight
400-7,400
Allen et al. (
1996
)
Xe lamp
b
Kurose River (upstream): 1 site
Freshwater
1.8
Takeda et al. (
2004
)
Xe lamp
b
Kurose River (downstream regions): 7 sites
Freshwater-sewage
polluted
17-89
Takeda et al. (
2004
)
Xe lamp
b
Ohta River (upstream regions): 4 sites
Freshwater
0.6-1.1
Takeda et al. (
2004
)
Xe lamp
b
Ohta River (downstream regions): 4 sites
Freshwater
1.0-2.6
Takeda et al. (
2004
)
Xe lamp
b
Kurose River (upstream regions): 2 sites
Freshwater
7.0-0.5
Nakatani et al. (
2004
)
Xe lamp
b
Kurose River (downstream): 2 sites
Freshwater-sewage
polluted
17-33
Nakatani et al. (
2007
)
Xe lamp
b
River waters: upstream & downstream: 33 sites Freshwater-sewage
polluted
0.78-530
Nakatani et al. (
2007
)
Xe lamp
b
Mostofa KMG and Sakugawa H (unpublished data)
a
Kurose River (upstream regions): 2 sites
Freshwater
0.9-2.5
Xe lamp
b
Mostofa KMG and Sakugawa H (unpublished data)
a
Kurose River (downstream regions): 4 sites
Freshwater-sewage
polluted
8.0-570
Xe lamp
b
Mostofa KMG and Sakugawa H (unpublished data)
a
Ohta River (upstream regions): 3 sites
Freshwater
1.3-1.8
Xe lamp
b
Mostofa KMG and Sakugawa H (unpublished data)
a
Ohta River (downstream regions): 3 sites
Freshwater
1.7-2.9
Xe lamp
b
Ogeechee River
Freshwater
24.0
White et al. (
2003
)
Xe lamp
b
Satilla River
Freshwater
45.0
White et al. (
2003
)
Xe lamp
b
Satilla River (bleached)
Freshwater
20.0
White et al. (
2003
)
Xe lamp
b
Pine Barrens
Freshwater
170.0
White et al. (
2003
)
Xe lamp
b
Wetland on Lake Erie
Freshwater
20-26
White et al. (
2003
)
Xe lamp
b
Artiicial agricultural wetland
Freshwater
23.0
White et al. (
2003
)
Xe lamp
b
Rice Field water
Freshwater
64.0
Mabury (
1993
)
