Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Photoinduced and Microbial Generation
of Hydrogen Peroxide and Organic
Peroxides in Natural Waters
Khan M. G. Mostofa, Cong-qiang Liu, Hiroshi Sakugawa, Davide Vione,
Daisuke Minakata and Fengchang Wu
1 Introduction
The concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H
2
O
2
) in natural waters has been
determined for the first time in 1925 by Harvey (Harvey
1925
), who studied
inshore and offshore water from the English Channel. The concentration of H
2
O
2
has been determined in seawater in the 1970's (van Baalen and Marler
1966
) and
in some Russian freshwaters in the 1980's (Sinel'nikov
1971
; Sinel'nikov and
Demina
1974
). In the same period the occurrence and concentration of H
2
O
2
was
being studied in air (Penkett et al.
1979
; Lazrus et al.
1986
; Sakugawa and Kaplan
1987
), rain and cloud water, freshwater and coastal and open ocean waters (Cooper
and Zika
1983
; Draper and Crosby
1983
; Helz and Kieber
1985
; Lazrus et al.
1985
;
