Geography Reference
In-Depth Information
a phenogram applying the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean
(UPGMA), using the Jaccard coefficient, with program SPSS (SPSS Inc. 2001).
The first PAE resulted in more than 1,000 cladograms (616 steps, consistency
index of 0.31, and retention index of 0.80). In the strict consensus cladogram, ten
areas of endemism were identified (
fig. 4.14a
). The best-supported areas using
bootstrap were areas II and III. PAE-PCE did not allow identification of other areas
of endemism. The analysis with PAUP with
k
= 0 led to more than 1,000 clado-
grams (673 steps, consistency index of 0.29, and retention index of 0.77), which
contained areas I-X and XII. Areas XI and XIII were identified in the second and
third runs of PAE-PCE, respectively. The UPGMA phenogram allowed recognition
of seventeen areas (
fig. 4.14b
). For the Iberian Peninsula, in particular, García-
Barros(2003)illustrated thecorrespondingpartsofthephenogram(
fig.4.14c
)and
PAE cladogram (
fig. 4.14d
)
, as well as the nearest neighbor of each grid cell in
the peninsula (
fig. 4.14e
)
and the nearest non-Iberian neighbor (
fig. 4.14f
)
. These
diagrams illustrate the absence of a clear North African cenocron in the Iberian
Peninsula, in contrast to other taxa (García-Barros et al. 2002).
