Geography Reference
In-Depth Information
present or absent in the locality. A hypothetical area coded with all “0” is
added to the matrix in order to root the resulting cladograms.
2. Analyzethematrixwithaparsimonyalgorithm. Ifmorethanonecladogram
is found, calculate the strict consensus cladogram.
3. Connect on a map the area relationships supported by two or more taxa
as generalized tracks or areas of endemism.
4. Remove the taxa supporting the previous generalized tracks or areas of
endemism.
5. Repeat steps 2-4 until no more taxa support any clade.
Software Hennig86 (Farris 1988), PHYLIP (Felsenstein 1993), NONA (Go-
loboff 1998), PAUP (Swofford 2003), Pee-Wee (Goloboff, available at ht-
tp://www.zmuc.dk/public/phylogeny/Nona-PeeWee/ ), and TNT (Goloboff et
al., retrieved May 25, 2008, from http://www.zmuc.dk/public/phylogeny/
TNT/ ) . For reading and editing data files and cladograms: Winclada (Nixon
1999), compatible with NONA, Pee-Wee, and Hennig86; and MacClade
(Maddison and Maddison, retrieved May 25, 2008, from http://macclade.org/
macclade.html ), compatible with PAUP.
Empirical Applications Aguilar-Aguilar et al. (2003, 2005), Ahrens (2004),
Andrés Hernández et al. (2006), Bates and Demos (2001), Bates et al.
(1998), Bellan and Bellan Santini (1997), Biondi and D'Alessandro (2006),
Bisconti et al. (2001), Cano and Gurrea (2003), Carrillo-Ruiz and Morón
(2003), Carvalho et al. (2003), Cavieres et al. (2001, 2002), Chen and
Bi (2007), Conran (1995), Contreras-Medina et al. (2007a), Corona et al.
(2005, 2007), Costa et al. (2000), Cracraft (1991, 1994), Craw (1988a,
1989b), Crisci et al. (2001), Cué-Bär et al. (2006), Dapporto et al. (2007), Da
Silva and Oren (1996), Da Silva et al. (2004), Davis et al. (2002), De Grave
(2001), Deleporte and Colyn (1999), Escalante et al. (2003, 2005, 2007b,
2007c), Espadas-Manrique et al. (2003), Espinosa Organista et al. (2000,
2006), Espinosa Pérez and Huidobro Campos (2005), Fattorini (2002), Fat-
torini and Fowles (2005), Fernandes et al. (1995), Fontenla (2003, 2005),
García-Barros (2003), García-Barros et al. (2002), García-Trejo and Nav-
arro (2004), Garraffoni et al. (2006), Geraads (1998), Glasby and Álvarez
(1999), Goldani and Carvalho (2003), Goldani et al. (2002), Huidobro et al.
(2006), Ippi and Flores (2001), Katinas et al. (2004), Koehler (2000), León-
Paniagua et al. (2004), Linder (2001), Linder and Mann (1998), Löwenberg-
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