Environmental Engineering Reference
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Figure 1.21 Range of cooling loads for different building and room types
1.3 Conclusions
The energy demand of existing buildings in moderate climates is dominated today by
heating energy due to low levels of insulation standards. In warm climates cooling
dominates the total consumption. However, as building standards continuously
improve, there is a clear shift from the dominance of thermal energy to electrical
Figure 1.22 End energy consumption including thermal energy for heating and cooling and electrical
energy for lighting and appliances from two case study projects and studies from Spain and the USA
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