Energy Demand of Buildings - Low Energy Cooling for Sustainable Buildings - page 8

Figure 1.6 Distribution of electricity consumption in newly built rows houses in Ostfildern, Germany
Within the urban housing study in Barcelona, the average electricity consumption
was 2160 kWh per household, which corresponds to 24 kWh m − 2 a − 1 . In the nearby
town of Cerdanyola, the measured electricity consumption for mainly single or two-
storey buildings was 70 kWh m − 2 a − 1 , with decreasing consumption during the last
decade due to the replacement of electric water heaters (Figure 1.7). The high average
consumption can be mainly attributed to a housing stock which is partially heated and
cooled with electricity. Apartments without electrical heating systems have electricity
Figure 1.7 Measured heating and electricity consumption (end energy) for 6238 buildings in
Cerdanyola, Spain