Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
necessary but they are not sufficient conditions
for IS Continuance, so this study attempts to un-
derstand and explains the factors that influence
users' intention to continue using IS for long time
especially ERP systems.
In this section, we introduce three comple-
mentary theoretical model on the acceptance and
continues decision in the IS discipline. These
theories will be the base of our model of process
ERP continuance.
We focus in our study on the three models. First,
Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) which
shows the determinants of formation of users'
intention to accept IS. Second, the expectation
confirmation theory (ECT) which explains post-
adoption behavior with respect to the match with
preadoption belief and expectation. Third, Theory
of Planned Behavior (TPB) which explains user
intention and behavior through the added factor
perceived behavior control (PBC).
description of reLeVAnt
theories And concepts
Investment in information systems is a real value
to organizations if the information systems are
used by a manner achieving the strategic objec-
tives. Thus the acceptance of the user of IS is a
key factor for the success of the investment in
IS. Although the initial acceptance of IS is the
first step and important to the success of IS, but
the continuous use of those systems for a long
period of time depends on the continuous use and
not the first use only. So when implementing an
information technology, the ultimate goal of the
manager is the technology intended level of usage
is achieved. As the system can't be considered
successful if the technology is not used or the
intended level is not achieved (Gyampah, 2007).
As stated by Markus & Keil (1994: pp.11-12),
“because use is not build in, these systems never
achieve their true potential for improving organiza-
tional performance”. They also noted if the system
is technically successful but it is unused or under
used, it will cost the organization too much. Davis
et al. (1989: p.982) reported “computer systems
can't improve organizational performance if they
are not used”. On the same sequence Yi & Davis
(2001: p.522) noted “Organizations will not realize
desired returns on their investments in information
technology designed to improve decision-making
unless users are able to use them”. Lastly Gyamah
(2007: p.1234) noted “An implementation project
can achieve technical, budgetary and schedule
success, but if the users of the technology do not
use it, the intended benefits for implementation
that technology are not likely to be obtained”.
technology Acceptance Model
The primary underlying model for this research
is the technology acceptance model (TAM). TAM
is specifically meant to explain behavior of com-
puter usage. “The goal of TAM is to be capable
of explaining user behavior across a broad range
of end-user computing technologies and user
populations, while at the same time being both
parsimonious and theoretically justified” (Davis
et al., 1989: p.985).
Although TAM was introduced in 1986 by
Davis -from nearly twenty three years- and was
tested by Davis et al. (1989) it continues to be
the “most applied theoretical model in the IS
discipline” (Lee et al, 2003). It is derived from
Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) by Fishbein
& Ajzen (1975). While TRA is a general theory
of human behavior, TAM is a model specific to
IS usage. It explains technology acceptance quite
well (Wang, 2005). As note by Venkatesh & Da-
vis (2000: p.186), “TAM consistently explains a
substantial proportion of the variance (typically
about 40%) in usage intentions and behavior and
that TAM compares favorably with alternative
models such as the Theory of Reasoned Action
and the Theory of Planned Behavior”.
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