Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Anhydro-erytromycin
Chlooramfenicol
Chloortetracyclin
Ciprofloxacin
Claritromycin
Clindamycin
Doxycyclin
Enrofloxacin
Flumequin
Lincomycin
Metronidazol
Norfloxacin
Ofloxacin
Oxolinic acid
Oxytetracyclin
Sulfachloorpyridazine
Sulfadiazine
Sulfadimidine
Sulfamethoxazol
Tetracycline
Trimethoprim
Dimetridazol
Narasin
Acetylsalicylic acid
Diclofenac
Ibuprofen (method 1)
Ibuprofen (method 3)
Indomethacin
Ketoprofen
Naproxen
Paracetamol
Diatrizoic acid
Iohexol
Iomeprol
Iopamidol
Iopromide
Iothalamic acid
Ioxaglinic acid
Ioxithalamic acid
Bezafibrate
Gemfibrozil
Atenolol
Metoprolol
Propranolol
Sotalol
Salbutamol
Terbutalin
Cyclophosphamide
Ifosfamide
Carbamazepine
Primidon
Tamoxifen
Diazepam
Lidocaine
Malachite green oxalate
Antibiotics
Anthelmintics /
veterinary antibiotics
Analgesics / antipyretics /
anti-inflammatory
X-ray contrast media
Fibrates / lipid regulators
Beta blockers
Others
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
Concentration (ng/L)
Fig. 4
Box-whisker plot of pharmaceutical concentrations in industrial waste water from the
Netherlands in 2002 (• outlier)
taken and analyzed at each location. In addition, the sampling date of each location
varied considerably. The only uniform patterns observed were the relatively low
concentrations of pharmaceuticals in the surface waters of the northern provinces,
in comparison with the more southern provinces. However, it was observed that
there were fewer surface-water samples from northern provinces than from southern
provinces. In general, the highest concentrations occurred in the main rivers Rhine
(LOB), Meuse (EYS and MAA), Schelde (SOD), and Amsterdam-Rijnkanaal
(NGN); in the Netherlands, these are situated in the southern provinces. Iopromide,
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