Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
10
9.4ยข / kWh
Freezer
Dishwasher
8
Space Cooling
Refrigeration
Personal Computers
6
Furnace Fans
Space Heater
4
Clothes Washer
Water Heating
Lighting
Other Uses
Color
TV
2
0
0
200
400
600
2030 Energy Savings (TWh)
572 TWh
fig. 11.8
Residential electric savings potential for year
.
ciency
improvements in the residential sector. For each measure considered,
the energy savings is achieved at a cost per kWh less than the average
residential retail price of
Conservation supply curve for electric energy-ef
cents per kWh, shown as the dashed
horizontal line. (Source:[
.
])
The Ef
ciency Mystery
If installing all these improvements saves money and
reduces emission, why are they not done in the United
States? At the beginning of this chapter I said that in
market economies, either consumer demand for energy
ef
ciency forces manufacturers to comply with that
demand in order to be competitive, or manufacturers
see an advantage and work to convince the customers to
buy what the manufacturers want to sell, or the govern-
ment sees some national importance that makes it force
ef
ciency on the society. Consumer pull works much
better in the transportation sector than in the building
sector. A typical driver travels about
miles per
