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F
AB
F
BC
=
F
B
∩
F
C
(a)
(b)
Fig. 18.2
(a) topological map: grabbed images are indicated with a capital letter, say
I
A
,
I
B
,
I
C
.
Each grabbed image corresponds to both a certain robot configuration in the metric map (b)
and a node in the topological map. The nodes
A
and
B
are connected if and only if the set of
features
F
AB
=
F
A
∩
F
B
is not empty; and (b) metric map: the positions
A
,
B
,
C
, representing
each image node in the topological map (a), ξ
A
, ξ
B
and ξ
C
are a set of 3D robot postures
monochromatic camera Jai CVM-50 placed on the robot so that a vertical axis
through the camera pinhole intersects the wheel axis in the midpoint. The camera al-
lows for a
8
was used in the experiment to switch among different controllers. The controller is
Δ
=
π
/
6 semi-aperture of the optical cone, while a threshold of
Δ
j
=
π
/
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