Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
h e development and growth of bio-advance material for medical and
dental applications has evolved through the three generations, each some-
what temporally overlapping, yet each one having a distinct objective.
7.2.1 First Generation
First generation bio-advance materials were comprised largely of the-shelf
which is widely available industrial materials that were not developed
specii cally for medical use. h ey were selected because of the desirable
combination of physical properties that is specii c to the intended clinical
use, and because they were
bio-inert
, and therefore they were considered
biocompatible
[10, 11].
7.2.2 Second Generation
h e second generation of bio-advance materials includes the develop-
ment of re-absorbable bio-advance materials, with the rates of degradation
that could be tailored to the requirements of a desired application. h us,
the discrete interface between the implant site and the host tissue could
be eliminated and desired in the long-term, because the foreign material
would ultimately be degraded to soluble and non-toxic products by the
host [12, 13].
7.2.3 h
ird Generation
In the third generation of bio-advance materials, the logical extension
and diversity of the rapidly progressing state of the art has the goal in
supporting and stimulating the regeneration of dif erent functional tis-
sue. Now, with advances in the regenerative medicine and tissue engi-
neering and dif erent technology it seems that true replacement with
living tissue will be possible. Bio-advance materials play an important
and signii cant role in the rapid i eld of tissue engineering and regenera-
tive therapeutics [14, 15].
7.3
Evaluation in Humans
Federal law in the USA inquires that the study of new bio-advance materi-
als in term of “drugs” in humans be conducted in accordance with certain
stringent requirements. Scientii cally valid results are not guaranteed sim-
ply by conforming to government regulations, however, and the design,
