Environmental Engineering Reference
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examine the state of each internally controlled switches after a switch
changes its state.
2.9 Formulation of Circuits with
Both Externally Clocked and Internally
Controlled Switches
Formulation of circuits with both externally clocked and internally
controlled switches can be handled conveniently by integrating the ap-
proaches for circuits with externally clocked switches and those with
internally controlled switches. Specifically, during each clock phase, the
circuits are handled using the approach for circuits with internally con-
trolled switches. At switching instants, they are handled using the ap-
proach for circuits with externally clocked switches. Since the state of
internally controlled switches is not known a priori, this requires the re-
formulation of the circuit equations at each switching instant. It should
be noted that current or voltage impulses generated at the clocking in-
stants may trigger switches that are internally controlled. Detection of
impulsive network variables at clocking instants is critical. The current
or voltage impulses generated by the switching of internally controlled
switches, on the other hand, have no effect on the operation of externally
clocked switches.
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