Effects of Anomalous Propagation Conditions on Weather Radar Observations - Doppler Radar Observations: Weather Radar, Wind Profiler, Ionospheric Radar, and Other Advanced Applications - page 323

Fig. 15. Taylor Diagram of Vertical Refractivity Gradient VRG radiosonde observations
(RAOB), original MASS forecasts, persistence of the observations and modified forecasts.
5.2 AP case studies
A number of anomalous propagation case studies examined with an electromagnetic
propagation model with different degrees of sophistication and NWP data or simply with a
radiosonde profile can be found in the literature, covering different geographic areas, such
as Burk and Thompson (1997) in California, Atkinson et al (2001) over the Persian Gulf, or
Bebbington et al. (2007) in the Mediterranean. Applications of this type of modelling tool
include radar coverage computation (Haase et al. 2006), or even correction of improvement
of radar data in NWP assimilation systems (Haase et al. 2007).
Fig. 16 shows an example of AP case study for the Røst radar (met.no), where NWP data
provided by the HIRLAM system provided better results, even 24 h forecasts, than actual
radiosonde data, which in this case was not representative of the radar coverage
environment. In Bech et al. (2007b) this and two other case studies were discussed,
highlighting the quality of HIRLAM forecasts for examining and anticipating AP cases with
the BPM model.