Image Processing Reference
In-Depth Information
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Study Questions
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How does urban vegetation influence comfort level, especially in warm climates?
•
What are the advantages and disadvantage of satellite-derived thermal measure-
ments and
in situ
air temperatures observations for an urban area?
How do you expect the urban heat island effect in a typical temperate city like
•
New York City to vary compared to an arid city like Kuwait City as both cities
expand over a period of time?
Why is spectral mixing analysis (SMA) more appropriate and useful for urban
•
vegetation mapping than the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)?
From a hypothetical triangular scatterplot generated from surface temperature
•
and vegetation fraction, sketch and discuss the trend of urbanization?
Discuss the pros and cons of spectral mixture techniques and non-spectral mixture
•
techniques for urban vegetation mapping?
How does the physical environment in urban area alter the flux of mass and
•
energy compared to the surrounding non-urban areas?
Discuss the major public issues associated with urban vegetation and urban
•
thermal environments?
References
Adams JB, Smith MO, Johnson PE (1986) Spectral mixture modeling: a new analysis of rock and
soil types at the Viking Lander 1 site. J Geophys Res 91:8089-8122
Adams JB, Smith MO, Gillespie AR (1989) Simple models for complex natural surfaces: A strategy
for hyperspectral era of remote sensing, vol 1. In: Proceedings of IGARSS 1989, Vancouver,
Canada, pp 16-21
Adams JB, Sabol DE, Kapos V, Filho RA, Roberts DA, Smith MO, Gillespie AR (1995)
Classification of multispectral images based on fractions of endmembers: application to land
cover change in the Brazilian Amazon. Remote Sens Environ 52:137-154
Akbari H (2002) Shade tees reduce building energy use and CO emissions from power plants.
Environ Pollut 116:S119-S126
Akbari H, Rosenfeld A, Taha H, Gartland L (1996) Mitigation of summer urban heat islands to
save electricity and smog. In: Proceedings of the 76th annual American meteorological society
meeting, Atlanta, GA, 28 Jan-2 Feb 1996. Report No. LBL-37787, Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA
Akbari H, Pomerantz M, Taha H (2001) Cool surfaces and shade trees to reduce energy use and
improve air quality in urban areas. Solar Energy 70(3):295-310
Berry BL (1990) Urbanization. In: Turner BL, Clark WC, Kates RW, Richards JF, Matthews JT,
Meyer WB (eds) The Earth as transformed by human action. Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge, pp 103-119
