Image Processing Reference
In-Depth Information
Coincidently, the ready integration of these data with other layers of information
through GIS may serve many purposes, including forecasting changing patterns of
urban environments. That is, factors influencing change and growth, such as terrain,
land value, and zoning, etc., may be implemented to predict V-I-S patterns into
the future.
How much the (V-I-S) environment changes when cities are built upon pre-urban
landscapes depends not just on the character of the prior landscape, but also upon the
type of urban form it changes into. Typically the pre-urban environment lies along
the V-S axis, from bare soil on the right to 100% vegetation on the left, with little or
no impervious surface. This is indicated along the base line
in Fig.
6.5
. The figure suggests a variety of ways the V-I-S
composition may change based on a green landscape prior to
urbanization. The most radical change is usually toward an
increase in impervious surface. However, that may range
from 100% impervious in a commercial center (CBD) or highway corridor to a city
park at 100% vegetation. Where green fields are cleared for urbanization there is usu-
ally a rapid reduction in vegetation and an increase in exposed soil. This is implied by
the arrows trending immediately to the right at their origin in the figure. Gradually
roads and roofing cover increasing amounts of the landscape. The amount of vegetation
that creeps back into the area depends on the type of urban development taking place. For
typical industrial and commercial areas, that will be minimal, as they tend toward the
I-S axis. Ultimately, residential areas come into full maturity along the V-I axis, with
pre-urban
environment lies
along the V-S axis
of the V-I-S model
Fig. 6.5
V-I-S transitions from green landscapes to various urban features (Ridd
1995
)
