Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
CHAPTER 2
FUNDAMENTALS OF IMPACT
AND SHOCK ISOLATION
In this chapter, basic concepts of shock loading and shock isolation are
introduced. Various characterizations of shock loading are given. Physical
principles underlying the protection of objects attached to a movable or
fixed base are discussed. Isolation effectiveness is evaluated as a function
of the maximum space (rattlespace) allowed for the object to move relative
to the base in response to a shock excitation. Finally, the concept of a shock
isolator treated as a control medium is discussed.
2.1 SHOCK LOADING: BASIC MODELS
AND CHARACTERISTICS
The basic definitions related to the concept of shock (shock loading, shock
disturbance, or shock excitation) applied to an object or a structure are
discussed here as well as various characterizations for shock disturbances.
A number of examples to illustrate the action of shock disturbances on
lumped-mass mechanical systems are given.
2.1.1 External Disturbance: Kinematic
and Dynamic Disturbances
Shock loading is a particular case of the
external disturbance
that may be
applied to a system or a structure. The external disturbance is the impo-
sition of forces or prescribed modes of motion on a system by sources
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