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GRAMS reference model: Overall model (= macro-level and micro-level)
(1)
Macro-level
(2)
Micro-level
(3)
Figure 6.5: Illustration of event categories defined by the GRAMS refer-
ence model.
Two disjoint sets of events are distinguished: Endogenous events
are occurring within a specific agent or within the environment and
affect only the agent respectively the environment. Exogenous events
on the other hand describe events occuring in one component of a
model and affecting another component [16, p. 11].
 
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