Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
COMPACT, TUBULAR, SMALL SCALE STEAM METHANE
REFORMER DESIGNED FOR FUEL CELL APPLICATIONS,
WITH CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER
(Based on Haldor-Topsoe “Heat Exchange Reformer”)
PRODUCT SYNGAS
OUTLET
H 2 , CO, CO 2 , CH 4 , H 2 O
(TO SHIFT REACTOR)
FEED
CH4, STEAM
FULE GASES
PRODUCT GASES
REFORMER BURNER FLUE GASES
(TO HEAT RECOVERY BOILER)
7 m
FIRST CATALYST BED
SECOND CATALYST BED
FLAME
TOP VIEW
REFORMER
BURNER
FULL GAS
AIR
FLUE GAS FLOW
CHANNELS
PRODUCT GAS FLOW FROM
1ST BED TO 2ND BED
TYPICAL TUBE WALL
MATERIALS:
STAINLESS STEEL
PRODUCT GAS FLOW FROM
2ND BED TO OUTLET
FIGURE 2.2 Schematic of a compact, tubular, small-scale methane reformer designed for fuel cell
applications with convective heat transfer. Source : Reproduced with permission from Ogden [1].
The standard heat of reaction of this reaction is ΔH 298  = −71 kJ. Since
it is exothermic, no indirect heat exchanger is needed. Because of the high
temperature involved, no catalysts are required for the reaction. However,
the hydrogen yield can be substantially increased with the use of catalysts.
Compared with Equation 2.1, this reaction is clearly lower in yield of H 2 for
a given amount of CH 4 . A typical hydrogen production plant based on partial
oxidation includes a partial oxidation reactor, a shift reactor, and hydrogen
purification equipment.
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