Hydrogen Utilization: Fuel Cells - Hydrogen Generation, Storage, and Utilization - page 165

(a) (b)

(c)

FIGURE 9.7 A digital photo image, AFM, and corresponding height analyses of the nitrogen doped
grapheme. Source : Reproduced with permission from Gong et al. [54]. (See color insert.)

9.4 FUEL PROCESSING

With hydrogen as the main fuel for fuel cells, its reforming and storage are
important issue [56]. There are a number possible sources for hydrogen
generation, including fossil fuels, nuclear energy, wind energy, water elec-
tricity, and solar energy, as well as biomass that can be used to directly or
indirectly produce hydrogen, as shown in Figure 9.10 [57]. Meanwhile, the
primary techniques for converting fossil fuels into hydrogen are steam
reforming (SR), partial oxidation (PO) reforming, and autothermal reforming
(ATR), as discussed in Chapter 2. Other generation and storage methods are
covered in other chapters of this topic.