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a ()()
qgz
F
z
.
n
,
n
n
But q n ,a = ar n + o ( n ) and z n Æ l. So the last display is, up to o ( n ),
ng () = ()
ar
l a
g
l r
.
Likewise, the conditional variance of S i =1 Y i 2 is q n ,a {2 + n( z n )} = O ( n ); the
conditional standard deviation is O (
n
). Thus
q
Â
= () + ()
Y i
2
g
lr
no n
,
i
=
n
1
Â
= () + ()
2
Y
g
la ,
o
1
i
q
i
=
1
- ()
-
n
1
1
g
lr
ar
 Y
+ ()
2
=
o
1
.
i
nq
-
1
iq
=+
1
This completes the argument for the convergence in probability. The
assertion about the t statistic is easy to check, using the last display.
REFERENCES
Diaconis P; Freedman D. “On the Maximum Difference Between the Empirical
and Expected Histograms for Sums,” Pacific Journal of Mathematics , 1982;
100 :287-327.
Freedman D. “Some Pitfalls in Large-Scale Econometric Models: A Case Study,”
University of Chicago Journal of Business , 1981; 54 :479-500.
Freedman D; Rothenberg T; Sutch R. “A Review of a Residential Energy End Use
Model,” Technical Report No. 14, University of California, Berkeley, Dept. of
Statistics, 1982.
—— “On Energy Policy Models,” Journal of Business and Economic Statistics ,
1983; 1 :24-32.
Judge G; Bock M. The Statistical Implications of Pre-Test and Stein-Rule Estimators
in Econometrics , Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1978.
Kendall MG; Stuart A. The Advanced Theory of Statistics , London: Griffin, 1969.
Olshen RA. “The Conditional Level of the F -Test,” Journal of the American
Statistical Association , 1973; 68 , 692-698.
Rencher AC; Pun FC. “Inflation of R 2 in Best Subsets Regression,” Technometrics ,
1980; 22 :49-53.
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