Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
that within an unmineralized extracellular
matrix. If, in addition, the skeletal network has
a specifi c, bioactive character, cells can prolif-
erate and initiate a collagenous extracellular
matrix throughout the entire volume of the
hydrogel. Mineralized new bone trabeculae can
then develop throughout, rather than only at
scaffold surfaces. In this situation, degradation
of the polymer skeletal network is less critical
for the healing process than in ceramic-based
materials.
It is not yet certain how the differences in
mechanisms may affect the long-term proper-
ties of the regenerated bone. It is likely, however,
that the natural remodeling and mineraliza-
tion processes of the body will minimize dif-
ferences in the long run.
Although the type of scaffold used for tissue
regeneration is determined primarily by clini-
cal needs, the principles involved in the devel-
opment of each of the two types of injectable
scaffolds are relevant to both. Future research
and development will greatly benefi t from col-
laboration and interdisciplinary activity by
engineers and clinicians.
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