Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
6
5
:
y
d
-
:
y
y
*
4
**
**
Japan
Hungary
3
2
1
Happy
eyes
Sad
eyes
Happy
mouth
Sad
mouth
Fig. 5.
Perceived emotions of Japan and Hungary categorized by facial regions. Scale indicates
1: very sad to 6: very happy. Number of subjects: Japan (n=53), Hungay (n=31). ** indicates
p<0.01, * indicates p<0.05).
mouth's shape (Japan=3.00 (n=53), Hungary=2.52 (n=31), F=24.77, p<0.01) and the
sad eyes category as sadder (Japan=3.27 (n=53), Hungary=3.63 (n=31), F=5.98,
p<0.05). Hungarians rated the sad mouth category significantly sadder than Japanese
regardless of the shape of the eyes (Japan=2.63 (n=53), Hungary=2.34 (n=31),
F=14.59, p<0.01). There were no significant differences in the ratings of the
happy mouth category (Japan=4.87 (n=53), Hungary=4.76 (n=31), F=0.13, not
significant).
3.2 Analysis of Perceived Emotions by Combined Expressions
In this section, we examine the results by the six combined expressions for more
detailed analysis. Fig. 6 shows the perceived emotions of the combined expressions.
Analysis by Two-way ANOVA indicates significant cultural differences in the
perceived expressions between Japan and Hungary in the HN (Japan=3.57 (n=53),
Hungary=2.91 (n=31), F=27.31, p<0.01), SN (Japan=2.09 (n=53), Hungary=2.49
(n=31), F=10.74, p<0.01) and NS (Japan=2.82 (n=53), Hungary=2.56 (n=31), F=8.43,
p<0.05) expressions. There were no other significances in the perceived emotions
between Japan and Hungary.
