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Fig. 4.10 Steps i-v: Schematic illustrations and photographs of the fabrication of a prototypical
graphene-based WORM memory card with 10 bits. a Optical image for graphene films on
flexible PI and glass substrates patterned with 10 pairs of gold electrodes. b Device on the PI
substrate that exhibits well flexibility. c and d Optical microscope images of the laser-cutting
channels for the prototypical graphene-based WORM memory card on a flexible PI substrate. The
light part is the gold electrode, and the black lines are the cut channels. e-g Different patterns
printed on various substrates by using GO or FGO inks with high resolution: patterns printed e on
normal office printing paper using FGO ink with a concentration of 5 mg/mL. f on PET using GO
ink with a concentration of 9 mg/mL. g on PI using FGO ink with a concentration of 5 mg/mL.
h Photograph of a printed pattern on a PI substrate bent outwards by nearly 75. The FGO ink
printed pattern was reduced by thermal annealing. (i-v and a-d) Reproduced with permission
[
57
]. Copyright 2011, ACS. e-h Reproduced with permission [
58
]. Copyright 2011, Springer
Printing techniques, such as inkjet printing, are competitive alternatives to
conventional photolithography for the production of electronic devices with
advantages including low cost, ease of mass production, and flexibility. In contrast
with conventional ink materials, such as metals like Au and Ag, CNTs and
conducting materials, graphene-based inks demonstrate great advantages such as
low cost, water solution process and high dispersity, etc. We reported a series of
inkjet printing processes using graphene-based inks [
58
]. Under optimized
conditions, using water-soluble single-layered GO and few-layered GO, various
high image quality patterns could be printed on diverse flexible substrates, including
paper, PET and PI, with the simple inkjet printing technique (Fig.
4.10
e-h).
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