Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
taBle 17.10
Fuel Properties of normal and low-Pour-Point Palm Biodiesel
normal
Palm
Biodiesel
low Pour
Point Palm
Biodiesel
en
14214:2003
astm
d6751:07b
ms
2008:2008
Property
unit
Ester content
% (m/m)
98.5
98.0-99.5
96.5 (min)
-
96.5 (min)
Density at 15°C
kg/m
3
878.3
870-890
860-900
-
860-900
Viscosity at 40°C
mm
2
/s
4.415
4.423
3.50-5.00
1.9-6.0
3.50-5.00
Flash point
°C
182
180
120 (min)
130 (min)
120 (min)
Cloud point
°C
15.2
-18 to 0
-
Report
-
Pour point
°C
15
-21 to 0
-
-
-
Cold filter
Plugging point
°C
15
-18 to 3
-
-
15
Sulfur content
mg/kg
<10
<10
10 (max)
15 (max)
Grade S15
500 (max)
Grade S500
10 (max)
Carbon residue
(on 10%
distillation
residue)
% (m/m)
0.02
0.03
0.30 (max)
0.050 (max)
(100%
sample)
0.30 (max)
(10% distillation
residue)
0.050 (max)
(100% sample)
Acid value
mg
KOH/g
0.50 (max)
0.50 (max)
0.50 (max)
<0.5
<0.5
Sulfated ash
content
% (m/m)
<0.01
<0.01
0.02 (max)
0.02 (max)
0.02 (max)
Water content
mg/kg
500 (max)
500 (max)
500 (max)
<500
<500
Total
contamination
mg/kg
12
14
24 (max)
-
24 (max)
Cetane number
-
58.3
53.0-59.0
51 (min)
47 (min)
51 (min)
Copper strip
corrosion
(3 h at 50°C)
Rating
1a
1a
Class 1
No. 3 (max)
Class 1
Oxidation stability,
110°C
Hours
16
10.2
6 (min)
3 (min)
6 (min)
Iodine value
g iodine/
100 g
52
120 (max)
-
110 (max)
<100
Linolenic acid
methyl ester
% (m/m)
<0.5
<0.5
12 (max)
-
12 (max)
Polyunsaturated
methyl esters (≥4
double bonds)
% (m/m)
1 (max)
-
1 (max)
<0.1
<0.1
Methanol content
% (m/m)
<0.2
<0.2
0.2 (max)
0.2 (max)
0.2 (max)
Monoglyceride
content
% (m/m)
<0.8
<0.8
0.8 (max)
-
0.8 (max)
Diglyceride
content
% (m/m)
0.2 (max)
-
0.2 (max)
<0.2
<0.2
Triglyceride
content
% (m/m)
<0.1
<0.1
0.2 (max)
-
0.2 (max)
Free glycerol
% (m/m)
0.02 (max)
0.02 (max)
0.02 (max)
<0.01
<0.01
Total glycerol
% (m/m)
0.25 (max)
0.24 (max)
0.25 (max)
<0.20
<0.20
