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Fig. 11.2: Dopaminergic laminar innervation of the prefrontal, motor, somatosen-
sory, and primary visual cortices from the substantia nigra pars compacta.
Diamond
solid green lines
: dopamine projection from the substantia nigra.
11.5 Effects of Dopamine Depletion on Neuronal,
Electromyographic, and Movement Parameters in PD
Humans and MPTP Animals
The effects of dopamine depletion on neuronal, electromyographic, and movement
parameters in PD humans and in MPTP-treated animals are briefly summarized below.
11.5.1 Cellular Disorganization in Cortex
Doudet and colleagues [23] trained monkeys to perform fast flexion and extension
elbow movements while they recorded from their primary motor cortex before and
