What Are the Main Options for Applying the Multiple-Use Water Services Paradigm? - Rethinking Infrastructure Design for Multi-Use Water Services - page 60

11 Tools for Supporting Multiple-Use Water Services

MUS interventions provide an integrated urban water and urban green design,
operation and management approach for sustainable cities. This more holistic
approach would present a win-win scenario, in which urban green would be utilised
as infrastructure for water services (e.g. mitigating urban floods) while urban water

infrastructure would be used as irrigation source for urban green, increasing their
performance in a range of services including amenities, reducing heat island effect
and increasing ecosystem services. The urban water cycle is a complex system
driven by time varying and stochastic inputs (rainfall, water demand). Thus,
specialised models are required to support the optimal design, operation and

management of urban water networks.
One of the most prominent urban water modelling tools that employs to some
extent combined modelling of blue and green assets is UVQ (Mitchell and Diaper
2010 ). UVQ runs with daily time step to estimate the amount of water required for
irrigating green areas and can estimate the reduction of potable water required for
irrigation in case treated wastewater and/or harvested rainwater are used supple-
mentary to potable.
Another model that can be used to study some urban water

flows involved in
MUS concept is Aquacycle, a daily urban water balance model developed to
simulate the total urban water cycle as an integrated whole and investigate the
potential use of locally-generated storm water and wastewater as a substitute for
imported water. It can model from a single land block, such as a residential
property, to an entire urban catchment (Mitchell 2005 ).
Music (Model for Urban Storm water Improvement Conceptualisation) is
another MUS-related tool, specialised in helping urban storm water professionals
visualise and compare possible strategies to tackle urban storm water hydrology and
pollution impacts. Music allows the comparison of storm water management
measures in order to achieve the best water quality, hydrology and cost outcomes.
Music incorporates the recent findings of the Facility for Advancing Water Bio-

filtration (FAWB) to provide more accurate prediction of filtration-based treatment

measures, especially bioretention and in ltration systems (MUSIC 2013 ).

The EPA SWMM is a storm water management model used for studying single
events or continuous simulation of run-off quantity and quality from urban areas.
The run-off component of SWMM operates on a collection of subcatchment areas
that receive precipitation and generate run-off and pollutant loads. The routing
portion of SWMM transports this run-off through a system of pipes, channels,
storage/treatment devices, pumps and regulators. SWMM tracks the quantity and
quality of run-off generated within each subcatchment, and the ow depth

and quality of water in each pipe and channel during a simulation period comprised
of multiple time steps (Rossman 2010 ).
WASP is a decision

ow rate,

supporting tool for developing policies and management
protocols for sustainable irrigation of urban landscapes such as parks, sporting
ovals, golf courses, etc. The name WASP comes from the acronym for Water

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