Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
Player
A node
Buffering
Partnership
manager
Membership
manager
Stream manager
Network
Partners
Parents/
children
Figure 1.26
CoolStreaming system diagram. (From Hei, X., Liang, C., Liang, J., Liu, Y., and Ross, K.,
Multimedia, IEEE Transactions
, 9, 1672-87, 2007. With permission.)
Figure 1.26 shows the conceptual diagram of CoolStreaming. There are three
major components in CoolStreaming: Membership Manager, Partnership
Manager, and Streaming Manager. The membership manager gets an initial
list from a bootstrap node, and then tries to collect more peers using the scal-
able membership protocol (SCAMP). The membership manager keeps a par-
tial list of the participating members in a membership cache (mCache). The
partnership manager selects peers from the mCache based on RTT and puts
the active peers into the partner list. The streaming manager is in charge of
exchanging video chunks with other partners. In the most recent version of
CoolStreaming, the push-pull mechanism has been adopted to reduce the
playback delay.
1.4.2.2 PPLive
PPLive is a popular P2P streaming system that uses proprietary technologies
for media delivery. Hei et al., 2007 [47,48] conducted a measurement study on
PPLive. They showed that PPLive uses a protocol similar to the BitTorrent
