Geology Reference
In-Depth Information
CONCLUSIONS
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13 C values of surface sedi-
ments arises from a combination of the large
fractionation between aragonite and bicar-
bonate (~2.7‰) and the elevated
1
The positive
13 C of
the DIC caused by the fractionation during
photosynthesis of benthic algae, seagrasses
and cyanobacteria and fractionation during
the conversion of HCO 3 into CO 2 during the
precipitation of calcium carbonate.
All sediments formed upon GBB have similar
2
13 C values suggesting a common origin. Mud,
whether formed by direct precipitation or break-
down from algal carbonate, is ingested by ben-
thic organisms forming pellets, which harden
to produce peloids, which in turn are coated to
form coated grains, grapestones and/or ooids. As
a result of this paragenetic sequence, the range
of
18 O of the sediments increases
with increasing grain size.
Skeletal material only forms a small proportion
13 C and
3
13 C
of sediment on GBB, but has more negative
18 O values.
and
18 O of the carbonate sediment is elevated
in the interior bank relative to the margin as
a result of the persistent elevated salinity and
4
The
18 O of the water.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors would like to thank the staff and
students of the stable isotope laboratory at the
University of Miami (USA) and the carbon-
ate sedimentology group of the Leibniz-Institut
für Meereswisschaften-IFM-GEOMAR in Kiel
(Germany). Writing of this paper was supported
by a visiting professorship award to PKS from
the Université de Provence (Aix-Marseille). The
captain and crew of the RV Bellows are thanked for
their support. This work was partially supported by
the German Science Foundation (Re-1051/09) and
Leibniz-price funds of Wolf-Christian Dullo, by
grants from the Florida Institute of Oceanography,
and the Comparative Sedimentology Laboratory.
This paper benefi ted from reviews by Steve Burns
and Adrian Immenhauser.
REFERENCES
Allan, J.R. and Matthews, R.K. (1982) Isotope signa-
tures associated with early meteoric diagenesis.
Sedimentology , 29 , 797-817.
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