Geology Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 1.
Summary chart showing reported parameters of phylloid algal mounds from various locales, illustrating the overall geometry of the reported mounds as well
as the fabric and grain components.
Location
Age
Fabric/Matrix
Subordinate grains
Amplitude
Wavelength
Phylloid algal mound
Outcrops:Eastern Kansas,
Northeastern Okalahoma
and northwestern Missouri
(Heckel & Cocke, 1969)
Pennsylvanian
Sparry algal calcilutite and
algal calcilutite (mud matrix),
and algal sparite and algal
calcarenite (cement matrix)
Echinoderms, bryozoan,
brachiopods, molluscs, corals,
gastropods, and foraminiferans
3-24 m
Sverdrup Basin, Canadian
Arctic (Beauchamp
et al
.,
1989)
Upper
Carboniferous
Phylloid algal boundstone,
algal wackestone to
fl oatstone, and foraminifer-
algal packstone to grainstone
(cement matrix)
Bryozoans, echinoderms,
foraminiferans, sponges,
frachiopods and lithoclasts
Finnmark Shelf, Norwegian
Barents Sea (Bruce &
Toomey, 1992)
Permian
Not available from drilling at
time of written study
Sponges, bryozoans, attached
brachiopods, and
Tubiphytes
and
Palaeoaplysine
Buildups not
measured
Buildups not
measured
Desert Creek and Ismay
Intervals, Paradox Basin,
Utah (Grammer
et al
.,
1996; 2000)
Pennsylvanian
Phylloid algal baffl estone
(grain-supported) to algal
wackestones and packstones
(cement, mud-rich to mud-
lean matrix)
Chaetetes
, peloids, bivalves,
foraminiferans, brachiopods,
crinoids, gastropods, molluscs
and bryozoans
8-14 m
33-58 m
Providence Limestone,
Western Kentucky
(Moshier & Kirkland, 1993)
Pennsylvanian
Phylloid algal wackestone to
grainstone (cement matrix)
Archaeolithophyllum
(phylloid
algae species) - no mention of
other grains
Bug and Papoose Canyon
Fields, Paradox Basin,
Utah and Colorado
(Roylance, 1990)
Pennsylvanian
Phylloid algal boundstones
(mostly botryoidal aragonite
(cement matrix)
Encrusting bryozoans,
foraminiferans, gastropods,
crinoids, peleypod and
ostracods
2.6-6 m
Southern New Mexico,
Western Orogrande Basin
(Soreghan & Giles, 1999)
Pennsylvanian
and Permian
Phylloid algal/peloidal/
foraminiferan boundstones
(mud-rich to cement-rich
matrix)
Calcisponges, peloids,
echinoderms, bryozoans,
brachiopods, foraminiferans,
molluscs and lithoclasts
10-25 m
Captain Creek Limestone
Member, eastern Kansas
(Samankassou & West,
2003)
Pennsylvanian
Phylloid algal boundstones
(peloidal/mud-rich matrix
and cement matrix)
Calcareous sponges, crinoids,
bryozoans, brachiopods,
foraminiferans and solitary
corals
Individual mounds:
2-5 m stacked
mounds: 3-24 m
Not measured
Paradox Basin, southeast
Utah and southwest
Colorado (Choquette,
1983)
Pennsylvanian
and Permian
Platy-algal baffl estone (mud-
rich matrix)
Encrusting organisms
(bryozoans), sponge spicules
and foraminiferans
Mound complex:
15 m thick
(with regular to
undulatory tops)
Mound complex:
algal mound facies
extends for 3000 m
Virgilian and Wolfcampian
reef Limestones, Texas
(Forsythe, 2003)
Pennsylvanian
and Permian
Phylloid algal baffl estone
(mud-rich matrix) to
grainstone
Crinoids, calcisponges,
bryozoans, foraminiferans,
Tubiphytes
and
Archaeolithophyllum
