Travel Reference
In-Depth Information
9. Da Cunha to Veríssimo, Manaus, February 2, 1905.
10. Da Cunha to Artur Lemos, Manaus, no month/day, 1905.
11. Da Cunha to Veríssimo, Manaus, March 10, 1905
12. Da Cunha to Oliveira Lima, Manaus, January 16, 1905.
13. The governor of Amazonas, Eduardo Ribeiro.
14. Da Cunha to Coelho Neto, Manaus, March 10, 1905.
15. Letter to Veríssimo, Manaus, March 2, 1905.
16. See chapter 17 .
17. The activist bishop of Belém, who supported justice for native populations and laborers. In many
ways he was a liberation theologian avant la lettre .
18. A geographer of the Upper Amazon. See da Cunha, Peru versus Bolívia . One of the great ex-
plorers who for over forty years in the late eighteenth century explored the upper Xingu and the
Guaporé.
19. Lacerda e Almeida (1750-97) formed part of the demarcation team established by the Treaty of
Idelfonso. An astronomer, a geographer, and possibly Brazil's first hydrologist, he provided some of
the earliest precise location measurements of the Amazon River. He died in Mozambique.
20. A fashionable Rio neighborhood.
21. Letter to Rangel, March 20, 1905, Manaus.
22. Angelica Ratto testimony in Galvão and Silva Neto, Crónica de uma tragédia , 68-72.
23. Ana Solon da Cunha in ibid., 126.
24. As part of urban sanitation efforts and the modernization of Rio de Janeiro, the republic had em-
barked on a major public health vaccination initiative. Resistance to the measures involved some ques-
tions about the vaccination itself, but also the idea that women inoculated in their homes might have to
endure a breach of modesty and would be somehow be dishonored—a kind of Freudian interpretation
of vaccination. See Needell, “Revolta contra Vacina of 1904.”
25. See chaps. 20 and 21 below.
26. The annals of tropical exploration do not lack for examples of gay or bisexual men who fled the
constraints of their societies. Iconographic in this regard are Alexander von Humboldt and the fam-
ously notorious Roger Casement. See Casement and Mitchell, Amazon Journal of Roger Casement ;
Casement and Sawyer, Roger Casement's Diaries ; Singleton-Gates and Girodias, Black Diaries .
Though not so “out,” Clements Markham, Orville Derby, and Richard Spruce, along with the bisexual
Richard Burton, add to this distinguished list. Certainly the tropics have provided a liberational explor-
ation of the senses in imagery and practice for every orientation. After all, the durable image of the
tropical vacation is a beach and people with almost no clothing. See Littlewood, Sultry Climates ;
McClintock, Imperial Leather ; Mott, Homossexuais da Bahia .
Chapter 13
*1. Salix humboldtiana ,thecommonAmazonianwillow. Cigana isthehoatzin Opisthocomus hoazin .
1. Da Cunha, “General Observations,” in À margem da historia .
2. Da Cunha, “Um rio abandonado.”
3. Two contradictory essays and other incoherent elements in À margem , organized in the last
months of his life, suggests that he was unraveling.
4. Orme, “American Geomorphology at the Dawn of the 20th Century”; Orme, “Rise and Fall of the
Davisian Cycle of Erosion.”
5. Orme, “American Geomorphology at the Dawn of the 20th Century.”
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