Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
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Definition of company rules for selecting and establishing relationships with
external Utility computing, SaaS and VO providers.
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Definition of rules and policies for using of SaaS offered by Clouds by
employees.
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Definition of guidelines and templates for defining the contractual relation-
ships with external providers.
• Adjustment of IT Governance with security and privacy policies:
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Definition of policies for secure communication with external providers: the
SaaS, Utility Computing, and VO provider.
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Definition of access policies - who and under which condition is allowed to
access external resources.
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Definition of policies for storage of data on external resources.
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Definition of privacy policies specialized for a grid environment.
Furthermore, integrated monitoring support for an environment with mixed internal
and external resources is required.
14.3.2.2 Change Management
People usually have negative attitudes and perceptions towards change. Often
change provokes fears, stress, frustration and denial of change. In order to avoid
the negative effects of change processes in companies, it is necessary to support
them with change management activities. “
Change management means to plan,
initiate, realize, control, and finally stabilize change processes on both, corporate
and personal level.
” (Recklies 2009).
As already described above, the introduction of Grid and Cloud Computing
results in substantial changes for employees in the IT department, for end users and
for IT managers of a company. Given this, each substantial change or evolutionary
step on the path towards Grid and Cloud Computing should be accompanied with
related change management measures.
The main reason for negative attitude of employees towards change is mainly the
lack of information or incomplete information about what kind of change is going
on and how it will affect their personal situation in terms of tasks, workload, or
responsibilities. To avoid the appearance of fears, the main components of change
management are:
• Activities for user involvement
• Communication activities
• Training activities.
The goal of change management is to keep employees informed about the change,
to make employees to participate in the change process, and to help employees to
master the changed environment. In general, change management activities accom-
pany the actual change process and can be classified in three phases:
•
Initiation phase
- where the most important goal is to involve employees and to
create awareness for the problem that requires change and the possible solutions.
