Digital Signal Processing Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 6.3
Vertical structure of the temperature (
upper panels
) and refractivity (
lower panels
)
amplitude (
left panels
) and phase (
right panels
) of diurnal variations over 10
ı
S-10
ı
N based on
COSMIC RO observations in 2007. Each
thin line
(
left panels
) represents one monthly mean
amplitude profile whereas phases from the monthly data are shown as
open diamond
(
right panels
).
The
RED thick lines
show the annual median values. The
blue dashed lines
in (
lower
-
right panel
)
represent the temperature phase as shown in (
upper
-
right panel
) (Note the COSMIC RO data are
provided by NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.)
could significantly enhance water vapor transport. It occurs when winds draw
moisture together into a narrow region ahead of a cold front, in a region of very
strong winds. They can be thought of as tropical connectors that feed tropical
moisture into more northern latitudes. Neiman et al. (
2008
) demonstrates the strong
horizontal gradient in temperature and water vapor that are resolved by the COSMIC
soundings during an “atmospheric river” event.
6.3.4
Tropical Cyclones (TC)
The limited understanding of tropical cyclone (TC) genesis has largely restrained by
the sparse high-quality atmospheric observations in the vicinity of the cyclones. The
high-vertical resolution RO sounding is insensitive to the cloud and precipitation
and could provide the highly desired observation. Several case studies show the
close agreement between RO soundings with the close-by dropsondes near a
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