Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
8.28
The oxygen of the ether can be protonated, and the resulting highly polar
dialkyloxonium ion is soluble in sulfuric acid:
H
RR
+
HSO
4
-
RR
+
H
2
SO
4
O
+
diakyloxonium ion
Alkanes have no unshared electron pairs and are not protonated by sulfuric acid and
thus remain insoluble in it.
O
8.29
2HBr
BrCH
2
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
Br
8.30
, H
+
CH
3
CO
3
H
H
2
O
H
2
C
CHCH
2
CH
2
H
2
C
CH
CH
2
CH
3
H
2
C
CHCH
2
CH
2
O
HO
OH
(refer to eq. 8.18)
(refer to eq. 8.19)
8.31
a.
H
2
C
CH
2
+
HCl
H
2
C
CH
2
O
HO
Cl
b.
H
2
C
CH
+
2
HCl
H
2
C
CH
+
H
2
O
2
2
O
Cl Cl
The 2-chloroethanol formed in part a reacts as an alcohol with the second
mole of HCl to produce the dichloride.
c.
+
H
H
2
C
CH
2
+
H
HO
CH
2
CH
2
O
O
2-phenoxyethanol
d.
