Operationalising Adaptive Capacity - Climate Change and Water Governance: Adaptive Capacity in Chile and Switzerland - page 240

Table 12.3 Operationalised indicators of adaptive c apacity relating to network components of the governance system with case examples

Case example
Chile

Network indicators Operationalisation Switzerland

Cooperation
(Collaboration)

Negotiation : How actors
negotiate amongst
themselves to resolve
water management
issues (sectors, actors,
government, levels)

Lack of a formal flexible mechanism of conflict
resolution; court costs require resolutions to
be financed by the JdV rather than
Association of Canalistas, who are financially
weaker; user to user negotiation on water
issues, and agreements between JdV and
mining and hydroelectric companies in the
basin; utilities negotiate water prices nodes
every 5 years with Superintencia; individual-
ism and autonomy amongst rights holders
challenges ability to agree a canal or JdV
level strategy or solution and lack of interest
to cooperate.

Consultation between private sector (hydropower
companies) and commune level; Balance
between federal provisions (legal base for
financing), individual or group interested
stakeholders, and fulfillment of functions
concerning security, but also the ecology of the
watercourses; lengthy and complex participative
settlement of project implementation (leads to
weakening of more radical innovation in TRC);
conflict resolution expected at commune, with
mediation role played by semi-administrative
bodes such as Landwirtschaftzentrum;
community resource management deemed as
an important factor for solidarity and conflict
resolution (attempting to foster it despite
advances in modern irrigation infrastructure).

How actors resolve
con fl icts, reach
agreements on water
distribution, security
and pollution.

Modes of organisation : How
actors collaborate and
cooperate across
different sectors (public/
private), uses (private/
private - i.e. hydropower,
energy, agriculture,
utilities, industry/mining)
and scales (local,
regional, national,
international) - .

Formation of JdV are provided for in the Water
Code; Self-organised cooperation between
JdV and canals during periods of drought
allows flexible agreements and private
compensation on water releases from one
section to another that helps spread the risk
and impacts more evenly and reduce social
conflict - based on variable personal
relationships and trust (i.e. functions much
better between certain sections than others).
Drought provision in Water Code instructs

Cross-sector collaboration through the Krisenstab
for extreme periods, but little cross-sector
co-ordination or contact on water resource
management during 'normal' periods;
individual company to company or commune
to company agreements on water releases for
artificial snow production; hydropower
operators, universities cooperate and share
information and flood management responsi-
bility with canton and commune administra-
tions through the convention for MINERVE;