Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
other areas. Moreover, the investigation also shows that the ZnONTs may
be applied as a potential novel immobilization material for a variety of bio-
sensor designs.
Shan
et al.
constructed a novel polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-protected
graphene/polyethylenimine-functionalized ionic liquid (PFIL)/GOx elec-
trochemical biosensor, which achieved the direct electron transfer of GOx,
maintained its bioactivity and showed potential application for the fabrication
of novel glucose biosensors with linear glucose response up to 14 mM [25].
A highly sensitive amperometric glucose biosensor based on a single
ZnONF (φ = 350-195 nm) of PVP/zinc acetate composite synthesized
by electrospinning technique has been presented by Ahmad
et al.
[27].
A single NF on a gold electrode is functionalized with GOx by physical
adsorption. Furthermore, the performance of the biosensor showed high
and reproducible sensitivity of 70.2
μ
A mM
-1
cm
-2
with a response time of
less than 4 s, a linear range from 0.25 to 19 mM and a low LOD of 1
μ
M.
Furthermore, it has been revealed that the biosensor exhibits a good anti-
interference ability and favorable stability over relatively long-term stor-
age (more than 4 months). All these results strongly suggest that a single
ZnONF could provide a new platform for biosensor design and other bio-
logical applications.
A novel, highly ei cient needle-type glucose sensor based on function-
alized graphene has been developed [10] (Figure 1.1). h e immobilization
of GOx has been apprehended by the direct interaction between carboxyl
acid groups of the RGO and amines of GOx together with the electrostatic
interactions existing between the positively charged polymeric ionic liquid
(PIL) and GOx. h is combined system can provide a favorable microen-
vironment for the GOx to retain its good bioactivity. h e enzyme-coated
graphene biosensor exhibited glucose-dependent electrochemical mea-
surements against an Ag/AgCl reference electrode. h e resulting elec-
trochemical sensor exhibits a broad linear range up to 100 mM glucose
concentration with a sensitivity of 5.59 μA decade
-1
and a stable output
response. h is glucose biosensor based on functionalized graphene can be
seen as an ef ective candidate for the detection of sugar concentration, pav-
ing the way for its potential application in clinical diagnosis.
A novel ZnO/Cu nanocomposite platform has also been developed for
direct electrochemistry of enzymes and biosensing applications [20]. h e
ZnO/Cu nanocomposite was grown prickly directly on the electrode via
a corrosion method and without using any organic reagent, generating a
nanocomposite with a large specii c surface area, favorable to immobilize
the biomolecules and construct biosensors. h is ZnO/Cu nanocomposite
was employed for immobilization of GOx, constructing a glucose biosensor
