Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Figure 5.12
Schematic representation of the modii cation of the surface of a Glassy
Carbon Electrode for the detection of S. aureus. Adapted with permission from [156].
the negatively charged
E. coli
. From Gram staining procedure, the adsorp-
tion of
E. coli
on GR channel is verii ed. It has been reported in the litera-
ture that the PMMA residue (methyl group) can dope the GR as p-type.
Further have reported chemotaxis activity of
E. coli
toward methyl groups.
h is may be the reason for the adsorption of
E. coli
at methyl terminated
sites on GR [153].
Other bacteria-sensing biosensors use a sulfate-reducing bacteria
(SRB) which is sensitive through the anti-(SRB) antibody (Ab) [154, 155].
Other strategy is the use of aptamers, as reported for the detection
Staphylococcus aureus
[156], this sensor is particularly based in the GRO
and gold nanoparticles linked by single-stranded DNA (rGOssDNA-
AuNPs) which works as an amplii cation system to improve the lower
limit of detection.
5.3
Conclusions and Perspectives.
Electrochemical biosensors based on GR in dif erent coni gurations have
demonstrated to be an excellent alternative for the determination of dif-
ferent pollutants present in waters, soil and food samples (ex. fruits,
vegetables).
GR is very ef ective when used as electrocatalysis enhancing the elec-
tron's transference. In addition, GR, due to its rich chemistry, has been
