Information Technology Reference
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Table 4. Tests of hypotheses (direct effects), indirect and total effects for Time 1 and Time 2
time 1
time 2
total
direct
indirect
total
direct
indirect
relationship
effects
effects
effects
effects
effects
effects
AFF - INT
0.
0.**
0.00
0.
0.**
0.00
PU - AFF
0.
0.**
0.00
0.
0.**
0.00
PU - INT
0.
0.**
0.0
0.
0.**
0.0
EOU - AFF
0.
0.0**
0.0
0.
0.**
0.0
EOU - PU
0.
0.+
0.00
0.
0.**
0.00
PBC - INT
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.
0.**
0.0
CSE - PBC
0.
0.**
0.00
0.
0.**
0.00
SF - INT
0.
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.0
0.
h1:
PBC-EOU
0.
0.**
0.00
0.
0.**
0.00
h2:
CSE-PU
0.
0.**
0.0
0.
0.0
0.0
h3:
CSE-EOU
0.
0.**
0.00
0.
0.**
0.00
h4:
CSE-AFF
0.
0.**
0.
0.
0.**
0.0
h5:
SF-CSE
0.
0.+
0.00
0.
0.+
0.00
h6:
SF-PU
0.
0.**
0.0
0.
0.**
0.0
h7:
SF-EOU
-0.
-0.*
0.0
0.0
-0.0
0.0
h8:
PIIT-CSE
0.
0.**
0.00
0.
0.**
0.00
h9:
PIIT-EOU
0.
0.**
0.
0.
0.
0.
h10:
PIIT-INT
0.
0.*
0.
0.
0.**
0.
amount of variance explained (r
2
)
time 1
time 2
Future intentions
%
0%
Affect
%
%
Perceived Usefulness
%
%
Perceived Ease of Use
%
%
Perceived behavioral control
%
%
Computer self efficacy
%
%
+ p < 0.10; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01
The influence of social factors was mixed. The
influence of social factors on self-efficacy (H5)
was positive but not significant at p < 0.05. Since
social persuasion is one of the weaker sources of
self-efficacy information and, more importantly,
since the persuasion that was examined here was
encouragement to use computers rather than
specific encouragement about one's skills, this is
not overly surprising. Social factors did exert a
moderate influence on perceived usefulness (H6)
at Time 1 and strong influence at Time 2. This
is consistent with the notion of internalization
suggested by Klein and Sorra (1996). The influ-
ence of social factors on perceived ease of use
(H7) was surprising, with a significant negative
influence at Time 1 and no influence at Time 2.
This finding was unexpected and bears further
consideration.
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