Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
tures (i.e., menus, concepts, functions) tend to be
similar across technology domains, an individual
who experiments actively with new technologies
has the opportunity to engage in greater learning
which can then be transferred to other domains.
This results in perceptions of greater ease of use.
The resulting hypothesis is:
The experience level, or skill level, of an
individual can be considered to fall across a con-
tinuum. When we assess experience and skill at
specific points in time, we are essentially taking
a snapshot of a potentially changing phenomenon
(Marcolin, Compeau, Munro, & Huff, 1998).
When an individual has no personal experience
with a specific information technology, his or her
attitudes, beliefs, and expectations toward using
the technology may be influenced by factors such
as social influences from peers and superiors, and
personal experience with similar technologies. As
the individual gains experience with the technol-
ogy, he or she has objective outcomes (positive
and/or negative) that are internalized, and which
in turn influence beliefs about expected outcomes
(Triandis, 1980), perceived usefulness (Bhat-
tacherjee & Premkumar, 2004), and ease of use
(Hackbarth, Grover, & Yi, 2003).
Thus, we expect that some of the constructs
and the relations in the model will be influenced
by the increased experience (skill level) of the
respondent. As a result, we conducted supple-
mental analysis (described later) to examine the
influence of experience in more detail.
H9: Personal innovativeness will exert a positive
influence on perceived ease of use of an informa-
tion technology.
Finally, since we are investigating intentions
to use an information technology in the future,
we would expect more innovative individuals to
have stronger intentions (once again, above and
beyond any indirect influences through interven-
ing variables). This hypothesis reflects, at least
to a degree, the influence of habit on behavior
(Triandis, 1980) and the relationship between in-
novativeness and system use (Larsen & Sorebo,
2005). All things being equal, we would expect
those who have habitually been ready adopters
of technology in the past to continue to do so in
the future, irrespective of specific attitudes and
beliefs as they continue a set behavior pattern that
has become habitual. Hence:
researCh methodology
H10: Personal innovativeness will exert a posi-
tive influence on intentions to use information
technology.
The data collection and analysis reported here is
a subset of a larger research program that encom-
passed data collected in several related studies.
For the overall research program, we wished to
measure a relatively large number of constructs. In
the interest of keeping the research questionnaire
to a reasonable length (to increase participation
rates and reduce the possibility of errors caused
by respondent fatigue or declining interest), the
number of items for most constructs was reduced
to three. Although most of the individual items
used here have been employed in previously pub-
lished studies, some were developed or modified
specifically for this research program.
Experience
Considerable research has shown that computer
experience influences many of the constructs
and relations within a nomological network that
involves intentions, use, and/or performance (e.g.,
Compeau & Higgins, 1995b; Compeau et al.,
1999; Davis et al., 1989; Karahanna et al., 1999;
Lippert & Forman, 2005; Szajna, 1996; Taylor
& Todd, 1995b; Thompson, Higgins, & Howell,
1994; Venkatesh et al., 2003).
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