Chemical composition of biomass - Biomass as Energy Source: Resources, Systems and Applications - page 53

EN 14918:2009. Solid biofuels — Determination of the content of volatile matter. European Committee for
Standardization, Brussels, Belgium, 2009.
Energimydigheten: Energiläget 2011. ET 2011:42, Statens Energimyndighet, Eskilstuna, Sweden, 2011.
ISSN 1403-1892.
FAOSTAT: FAO Statistics, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy, 2009,
http://www.fao.org (accessed March 2012).
Gaur, S. & Reed, T.: Thermal data for natural and synthetic fuels . Marcel Dekker, NewYork, NY, 1998.
Gaur, S. & Reed, T.B.: An atlas of thermal data for biomass and other fuels. NREL/TB-433-7965, UC
Category:1310, DE95009212, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA. 1995.
Hoekman, S.K., Broch, A. & Robbins, C.: Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of lignocellulosic biomass.
Energy Fuels 25:4 (2011), pp. 1802-1810.
IEA (International Energy Agency): World energy outlook 2009. IEA, Paris France, 2009.
Koopmans, A. & Koppejan, J.: Agricultural and forest residues generation, utilization and availability.
Regional Consultation on Modern Applications of Biomass Energy, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1997.
Lal, R.: World crop residues production and implication of its use as a biofuel. Environ. Int. 31:4 (2005),
pp. 575-584.
Lehmann, J., Rillig, M.C., Thies, J., Masiello, C.A., Hockaday, W.C. & Crowley, D.: Biochar effects on soil
biota —A review. Soil Biol. Biochem. 43:9 (2011), pp. 1812-1836.
Lestander, T.A. & Rhén, C.: Multivariate NIR spectroscopy models for moisture, ash and calorific content
in biofuels using bi-orthogonal partial least squares regression. Analyst 130 (2005), pp. 1182-1189.
Lestander, T.A., Hedman. B., Funkquist, J., Lennartsson, A. & Svanberg, M.: On-line NIR-fukthaltsmätning
för styrning av panna i värmekraftverk (In Swedish: Measuring of moisture content in biofuel with
on-line NIR, for forward control of a fluidised boiler). Report I6-605, Värmeforsk ServiceAB, Stockholm,
Sweden, 2008.
Liao, C.P., Yan, Y. J., Wu, C.Z. & Huang, H.B.: Study on the distribution and quantity of biomass residues
resource in China. Biomass Bioenergy 27:2 (2004), pp. 111-117.
Ludwig, J., Marufu, L.T., Huber, B., Andreae, M.O. & Helas, G.: Domestic combustion of biomass
fuels in developing countries: a major source of atmospheric pollutants. J. Atmos. Chem. 44:1 (2003),
pp. 23-37.
Merrow, E.W., Philips, K.E. & Myers, C.W.: Understanding cost growth and performance shortfalls in
pioneer process plants. R-2569-DOE, Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, 1981.
Mishra, V. & Retherford, R.D.: Does biofuel smoke contribute to anaemia and stunting in early childhood?
Int. J. Epidemiol. 36:1 (2007), pp. 117-129.
Nielsen, N.P.K., Norgaard, L., Strobel, B.W. & Felby, C.: Effect of storage on extractives from particle
surfaces of softwood and hardwood raw materials for wood pellets. Eur. J. Wood Prod. 67:1 (2009),
pp. 19-26.
NOAA: US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration, Earth System
Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, ftp.cmdl.noaa.gov/ccg/co2/trends/co2_annmean_mlo.txt (accessed
March 2012).
Nordwaeger, M., Olofsson, I., Pommer, L., Wiklund-Lindström, S. & Nordin, A.: Parametric study on tor-
refaction of spruce wood. Unpublished manuscript, Energy Technology and Thermal Process Chemistry,
Umeå University, Sweden, 2013a.
Nordwaeger, M., Olofsson, I., Pommer, L., Wiklund-Lindström, S. & Nordin, A.: Parametric study on
torrefaction of logging residues. Unpublished manuscript, Energy Technology and Thermal Process
Chemistry, Umeå University, Sweden, 2013b.
Obernberger, I. & Thek, G. (eds): The pellet handbook . Earthscan Limited, London, UK, 2010.
Passoth, V., Eriksson, A., Sandgren, M., Ståhlberg, J., Piens, K. & Schnürer, J.: Airtight storage of moist
wheat grain improves bioethanol yields. Biotechnol. Biofuels 2:16 (2009).
Patzek, T.W. & Pimentel, D.: Thermodynamics of energy production from biomass. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci.
24:5-6 (2005), pp. 327-364.
Perrett, D.: From 'protein' to the beginnings of clinical proteomics. Proteomics - Clin. Applicat. 1:8 (2007),
pp. 720-738.
Raupach, M.R., Marland, G., Ciais, P., Le Quéré, C., Canadell, J.G., Klepper, G. & Field C.B.: Global and
regional drivers of accelerating CO 2 emissions. PNAS 104:24 (2007), pp. 10,288-10,293.
REN21: Renewables 2011 — Global status report. REN21 Secretariat, Paris, France, 2011.
Robbins, M.P., Evans, G., Valentine J., Donnison, I.S. &Allison, G.G.: New opportunities for the exploitation
of energy crops by thermochemical conversion in Northern Europe and the UK. Prog. Energy Combust.
Sci. 38:2 (2012), pp.138-155.