Biorefineries using crops for production of ethanol, biogas and chemicals - Biomass as Energy Source: Resources, Systems and Applications - page 158

Figure 9.12. Carbon system flow diagrams (material balance in tonnes whole year 2007).
the efficiency: the concentrate's value, which occupies the 42% of the total, only occupies 9%
of the protein efficiency ratio, because the concentrate itself is not a high value-added product.
Its price is low and the concentrate can be made into feed after being dried. Therefore, reducing
the amount of concentrate emission and expanding feed production is one of the effective means
to increase the value of the fuel ethanol production system.
The carbon flow system diagram was drawn according to the material flow condition and the
carbon content in each material. The system carbon flow diagram in the year 2007 is as shown in
Figure 9.12. The carbon contained in the wheat in the materials occupies 74% of total carbon, and
in the production, the product bran, wheat gluten, ethanol etc. all have a certain fixed amount of
carbon, respectively 10%, 5%, 36%. During the fermentation process, the carbon produced with
ethanol, which has not been recovered and directly emitted, is 37,632 t/year, accounting for 16%
of the total input.
The analysis shows that the carbon dioxide production plant still has great potential for improve-
ments. In addition, in the existing carbon flow, it is not possible to count the carbon dioxide emitted
by the energy consumption of coal, etc., (it is approximately 7 times that of the carbon dioxide
emissions during the production process). There are still some imperfections.
9.7 SYSTEM IMPROVEMENTS
According to the statistics and results of the analysis of material flow and diversion, it can be seen
that in the four aspects such as material, process, product and business chain, there is still some
room for improvement in the material utilization efficiency of the existing fuel ethanol system,
and therefore the improvements have been proposed as shown in Figure 9.13.
9.8 CONCLUSION
Tianguan Group targets the eco-enterprise development, reduction of material inputs, production
process clean technology, changing waste into resources, and enlargement of the research invest-
ment. The goal is also to extend the industrial metabolism process, and optimize enterprise system
architecture, turning the point block style development into a chain network. This will lead to
building an industrial ecology network chain of intermediate products, waste and energy in each
system and form a “multi-level recycling utilization mode”. Finally, Tianguan Group will be built
to be a state grade recycling economical advanced enterprise, which has obvious characteristics,
advanced technologies, civilized management, friendly environment, harmonious structure and
optimized system.