Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 5.7. Areal distribution in southern European countries.
Land
Forest
Agricultural Arable
Agri exclusive
Cereal
area
area
area
land
SUM
cereal
Cereals
prod
[km 2 ]
[km 2 ]
[km 2 ]
[km 2 ]
[km 2 ]
[km 2 ]
[km 2 ]
2008/2009
[tonne]
Portugal
91 470
34 560
34 600
10 500
79 660
41 460
3640
1 309 600
Spain
499 110
181 730
279 000
125 000
585 730
343 567
60 433
23 903 987
France
547 660
159 540
2 924 206
182 603
634 564
381 142
93 882
70 075 131
Italy
294 140
91 490
133 960
71 320
296 770
164 904
40 376
21 624 474
Greece
128 900
39 030
46 250
21 000
106 280
55 502
11 748
5 238 150
Figure 5.6. Mediterranean type of landscape (photo E. Dahlquist).
In Figure 5.6, we see a typical view of a central and southern European landscape. There are
a lot of low mountains or hills covered by forests. In-between the hills we have farmland and
villages.
In Southern Europe, we also have subtropical forests like in coastal areas. An example of this
is Mediterranean region and the Azores in the Atlantic sea. An example of this biotope is seen
in Figure 5.7. Here the productivity in both forests and farmland area is very high due to the
humidity caused by the surrounding sea.
One typical crop is banana as seen in Figure 5.8, in this case from theAzores, but also growing
in the Mediterranean areas.
There are also many different types of crops in southern Europe that do not exist further to the
north. Some of these are seen in the foreground of Figure 5.9 showing a typical Mediterranean
subtropical or tempered landscape.
Typical herbs in southern Europe are trees like Pinus pinea looking like an umbrella, the Greek
fir, Abies cephalonic a, which is a pyramidal tree with dark green foliage. This latter tree is found
at elevations above approximately 600m elevation in Greece and was once considered being the
 
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