Environmental Engineering Reference
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diesel corresponds to 1 kg DME), or 17% of the final energy consumption in the transport sector
in the 12 analyzed countries (265 Mtoe in 2007 in 12 countries; 70% of the 377Mtoe in EU27).
If we just do as earlier for northern Europe and calculate the estimated production of biomass
as cereals, other agriculture crops than cereals and total production in forests and compare the
energy use in each country to the total biomass production, we get the results as seen in Table 5.6.
We then can see that there is a net surplus in all countries except in Italy in the southern European
countries.
The basis for this Table 5.6 is seen in Table 5.7. The source of the figures is as previously the
World Bank database (2011). We here see the total land area, the area covered with forests, the
agricultural area and the arable area, that is other type of useful area for biomass production than
the agricultural and forestry areas. We also see the figures for the three categories compared to
the official figures for the total land area and can once again see that these are not the same. The
next columns show first the agricultural area except cereals and thereafter the area for cereals. In
the last column, we have the cereal production in tonnes per year.
Table 5.5. Potential and available agricultural and forestry wastes in 12 countries in Europe
(million oven dry tonnes/year).
Agriculture
Forestry
Country
Potential
Available
Potential
Available
Portugal
2.23
0.64
2.38
1.70
Greece
2.90
1.09
7.42
4.82
Italy
7.49
4.01
25.44
16.94
Spain
10.55
4.77
26.22
12.84
France
13.43
7.75
78.39
49.81
Denmark
0.74
0.37
12.99
8.17
Poland
4.11
2.05
28.09
10.36
Austria
5.26
2.63
6.25
3.79
Norway
8.6
4.33
1.85
0.83
Germany
9.54
4.27
67.34
42.56
Finland
13.59
6.94
3.08
1.12
Sweden
20.68
10.43
5.93
3.11
Total
99.12
49.28
265.38
156.05
Table 5.6. Biomass in southern Europe. In column 5, we have the production of biomass in
TWh/y minus the total use of energy in TWh/y.
Cereal including
Other agro
Energy
straw
than cereal
Forestry
use
Prod-Use
Country
[TWh]
[TWh]
[TWh]
[TWh]
[TWh]
Portugal
14
228
56
242
57
Spain
258
1890
294
1388
1054
France
757
2096
258
2665
447
Italy
234
907
148
1760
−
472
Greece
57
305
63
304
121
Production of biomass - Use of energy
=
1207
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