Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
Section 2.1.2
1. What are the induction forces?
2. Explain what type of chemical structures and chemical bonds in the backbones of the polymeric
chains stiffen them and what type flexibilizes (or “softens”) them.
3. How do the pendant groups affect the melting points of polymers?
4. Does copolymerization raise or lower the melting point of a polymer?
5. Which polymer, A or B, would have a higher melting point? Explain
A
B
F
Cl
n
n
O
O
n
n
CH
3
FF
F l
n
F
n
F
F
F
6. Explain what the induction forces of polymers and how they affect the physical properties of
these materials?
7. Illustrate and explain why nylon 11 melts approximately 50
C higher than linear polyethylene
8. Why does poly(ethylene adipate) melt at a considerably lower temperature than does poly
(ethylene terephthalate)?
9. What type of bonds in the polymeric chain tend to soften them?
10. Does copolymerization lower or raise the melting temperature of polymers? Explain
Section 2.2
1. Describe an amorphous state of polymers
Section 2.2.1
1. Describe the glassy state of polymers
2. What is the second order transition temperature? Are the send order transition temperatures of
polymers absolute values or do they vary depending upon various conditions? Explain.
3. How can the transition to a glassy state be observed?
4. Explain structural recovery and the asymmetry of structural recovery.
5. What equation describes the asymmetry of structural recovery?
6. What is the Flory-Fox equation and what is it limited to?
