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10
12
8
6
4
2
Dialysed Zn
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Time (hours)
20
Bulk ZnO
15
10
5
Dialysed Zn
0.1
µ
m filterable Zn
0
0
20
40
Time (hours)
60
80
20
Nano-ZnO
15
10
5
Dialysed Zn
0.1
µ
m filterable Zn
0
0
20
40
Time (hours)
60
80
Figure 7.5
Determination of bulk ZnO and nanoparticulate ZnO dissolution rates by equilib-
rium dialysis. The kinetics of Zn
2+
diffusion into the dialysis cell is also shown. The nominal total
zinc concentration was 10 mg/l for Zn(NO
3
)
2
and 100 mg/l for bulk and nanoparticulate ZnO.
Values represent the means of duplicate determinations. The pH values for the Zn(NO
3
)
2
experiment ranged from 7.40 to 7.50, for the bulk ZnO and nanoparticulate ZnO experiments
from 7.50 to 7.65. (Reprinted with permission from Franklin, N. M.; Rogers, N. J.; Apte, S. C.
et al.
Comparative toxicity of nanoparticulate ZnO, bulk ZnO, and ZnCl
2
to a freshwater micro-
alga (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata): the importance of particle solubility,
Environmental
Science & Technology
,
41
, 8484-90. Copyright 2007 American Chemical Society.)
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