Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 2-1
Main genetic alterations in cerebral gliomas.
Molecular
alteration
Molecular alteration
effects
Histotype and
(WHO Grade)
Gene
Chromosome
TP53
Cr17p13.1
Mutation
Cell cycle control loss,
proliferation
Astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma
(WHO Grade II).
Precocious mutation in
secondary GBM
Cr4q11-q12
Amplification/
over-expression
Proliferation/invasion
Astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma
(WHO Grade II-III)
PDGFR-a
PDGF-A
Unknown tumor
suppressor genes
1p, 19q, 4q, 9p
and 11p loss
Loss of
heterozygosity
Proliferation, invasiveness,
angiogenesis
Astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma
(WHO Grade II-III)
Unknown tumor
suppressor genes
Cr22q
Deletion
Proliferation
Astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma
(WHO Grade II)
Rb 1
Cr13q14.2
Mutations/
deletion
Cell cycle control loss,
proliferation
Astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma
(WHO Grade II-III)
P16
Cr9p
CDKN2/p16
deletion
Cell cycle control loss,
proliferation
Astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma
(WHO Grade II-III)
PTEN
Cr10q23
LOH
Regulation Akt/PKB signal-
ing pathway loss; prolif-
eration and tumor growth;
invasiveness, angiogenesis
Astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma
(WHO Grade III-IV)
BAX
Cr19q24
LOH
Pro-apoptotic action loss,
proliferation
Astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma
(WHO Grade II-III)
EGFR (c-erb-2)
Cr7p11-p12
Amplification/
over-expression
Cell transformation and
proliferation
De novo GBM
MDM2
Cr12q14.3-q15
Over-expression
Cell cycle control loss and
proliferation
De novo GBM
