Molecular Approaches for Transgene Containment and Their Potential Applications in Horticultural Crops - Transgenic Horticultural Crops: Challenges and Opportunities - page 289

14 Molecular Approaches

for Transgene
Containment and Their
Potential Applications
in Horticultural Crops

Yi Li and Hui Duan

CONTENTS
Challenges.to.Transgenic.Horticultural.Crops....................................................... 289
Candidate.Molecular.Strategies.Addressing.Concerns.over.
Transgenic Horticultural.Crops.............................................................................. 290
Male.and.Female.Sterility.................................................................................. 290
Genesafe.Technologies...................................................................................... 293
Parthenocarpy.Technology................................................................................. 294
Chloroplast.Transformation............................................................................... 295
Gene.Deletor.Technology.................................................................................. 296
Prospectives............................................................................................................ 299
Acknowledgments.................................................................................................. 299
References.............................................................................................................. 299

CHALLENGES TO TRANSGENIC HORTICULTURAL CROPS
Horticultural.crops.were.the.irst.commercialized.transgenic.plants.in.the.United.
States.. From. 1994. to. 1995,. Flavr. Savr. tomato,. Endless. Summer. tomato,. and.
virus-resistant. squash. were. marketed. 1,2 . A. tomato. paste. (puree). produced. from.
a. transgenic. processing. tomato. was. the. best-selling. paste. in. 1999. and. 2000. in.
the.United.Kingdom..Despite.these.early.commercial.successes,.the.number.of.
transgenic. horticultural. crops. currently. marketed. in. the. United. States. is. very.
small,. limited. to. papayas,. sweetcorn,. squash,. and. carnations. 1,2 . Also,. the. eco-
nomic.impact.of.transgenic.horticultural.crops.is.minimal..Except.papaya,.trans-
genic.horticultural.crops.have.had.very.small.market.shares. 3,4 .The.well-known.
estimate.that.70%.of.food.products.in.U.S..supermarkets.contain.transgenic.crop.
ingredients.is.due.to.the.widespread.use.of.transgenic.corn,.canola,.and.soybean.
products.in.virtually.all.processed.foods. 1

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